Saving Israel comes with knowing history and hospitality

My friend, Danny has been employed in the petroleum industry food service business for 30+ years and is married to a Columbian born wife.  He was raised with me and has moved away, but loves his home town of Waveland, MS.  He posted this on Facebook, so here is my answer.

OK, I will try by explaining the "colonization" of your back yard ..........Keep in mind that my wisdom is limited to: USM Business Degree in Marketing, with extra educations in communications, psychology, economics, real estate and hospitality;  SPECIFIC educatiors include the “Head of the Clearance Corporation” of Chicago Board of Trades 1982; Green Party Founder and Pres. Candidate of Austria; V.P. of Bank of Austria, a Rothschild Bank (well known for financing wars), who taught the secrets to international money laundering after Reaganomics; Budapest Stock Exchange with its first 7 stocks in trade (Hungary has recently refused Rothchild's money and secured their borders); Followed and employed a hospitality stock that went from $3 - $70+ per share in six months in Vienna, Budapest, Prague, Dresden and Berlin following the fall of the Berlin Wall (currencies were not secure, no government existed in many places, Just FREEDOM).  I celebrated World Cup Victory for a new uniting Germany in E. & W. Berlin 1990 with locals.  Foosball Deutschland AA-O-AAAAAA!!!

I was taught the history of British Hong Kong colonization and British Rule from 1841- 1990, and the planning for future changes during and after exit (expiring lease in 1997) by Margaret Thatcher’s assistant; Mentored by the Int. Mkt. V.P. of British Petroleum/Int.  Mkt. consultant to Royal Dutch Shell, who taught me “Colonization of America” by the “Trusted Caucasian from Europe”, whose investments influence American consumer behavior. We toured as he explained the “Financial Center of the World” (London Stock Exchange), Lloyd’s of London (where we learned that it was about individual and/or cumulative negotiations of portions of risk with the “Jewish Bankers that control most of the world’s wealth.” He was my mentor, one month before judgement of I.R.S. VS. Gulf Oil Co. (founded by Mellon Bank of Pittsburgh) dissolved the Seven Sisters, and forced a regroup of ownerships due to their colonization/ tax deductible marketing strategy and use of small community and big city applications of accommodations taxes to market confusion to strangers, while creating new destinations for travel at the tax payers expense for unnecessary colonization.  

 As petroleum companies destroy lives and draw lines in the names of the Kings and Queens of the world (many of whom own the oil rights of the land of most of the population) with Keynesian Economics in a Free World.  Like others, Gulf Oil owned more land than oil, as well as controlled Holiday Inn since 1963.  American oil companies were forced to sell the non - petroleum rich land to the owners of such investors as British Petroleum, Murphy, and other foreign oil companies that are thought to be American own much of the tourism assets and land of Baldwin, Escambia, and South Mobile Counties, as well as much of the world developed since the Great Depression and the National Highway Act of 1956. 

I learned the beauty of hospitality as a contribution to humanity by locals who met their first American travelers near Glasgow (Culture Capital ‘90), a 1.5 hour drive from future President Trump’s resort.  My front door in college was 10 feet from the Hattiesburg Mosque front door.  I sold a series of Nelson Bibles and education books to people of all religions.  In my second year, I managed and roomed with a man from Jerusalem and one from Baghdad, whom were recruited by Carlos of Columbia in 1991.  I experienced my first “visitor’s penalty tax” at the airport while leaving WW 2 headquarters of Royal Dutch Shell, Curacao.  I thought, “Boy I can’t wait to make it to a free country like the United States of America, where such in-hospitality would be forbidden.”  Like Mississippi people intend to be the nicest, I witnessed great hospitality while living among the exceptional poor in Maracaibo, Venezuela. 

So, here is where you can begin to understand why some people blame the “Jews”, the masses are blamed for the “economic sodomy” (taking advantage of the sojourner) of a few “false Jews” that control the land, people and world wealth through banking and claims on commodities like oil with absolute control by governments, like Mississippi, whom are loyal taxing visitors in the interest of overconsumption of commodities to grow to Big Banks.  While Secretary of State and President Obama have abandoned the sovereignty of Israel, it important to remember that some people are raised to see Jewish as the enemy and Israel’s best bet is on the brotherhood of supporters.  Muslims and Jews need a solution, as do the people of Mississippi.  ALL Moral RELIGIONS BELIEVE IN HOSPITALITY.

Thomas Jefferson warned us:

“I believe that banking institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than standing armies,” Jefferson wrote.  ”If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation, then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around (these banks) will deprive the people of all property until their children wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.”

“The issuing power of currency shall be taken from the banks and restored to the people, to whom it properly belongs.”

As I see Donald J. Trump as a true leader in Hospitality in the past (acquiring spiritual and economic wealth).  He should not be judged by a few failures in Atlantic City or any place where Keynesian Theory was applied to a politically controlled marketing system of hospitality, like I have that hope in his appointments want to demonstrate how to save Mississippi (poorest, most corrupt, most obese and most hospitable people) and demonstrate how Trump will save the world by: 1.) Drive the cost of a barrel of oil to around $30 or less with protection of labor wages for American oil, tax oil heavily and keep retail fixed below $2.20 for at least 4 years.  2.) Dissolve all special tax on accommodations for travelers.  3.)  Write EPA grants to reduce fuel consumption in the tourism industry.  4.) Remove all advertising rights from government, with the exception for public safety.

Atlantic City demonstrates Economic Sodomy and Keynesian Theory - a failure for capitalism

Taxable Status About New Jersey Taxes Atlantic City: The following chart will serve as a guide to illustrate the taxable status of various transactions that are subject to Atlantic City luxury tax, New Jersey sales tax, and the State hotel/motel occupancy fee.

Luxury Tax, New Jersey Sales Tax & Other Fees Publication ANJ–17 New Jersey Division of Taxation u Technical Services Activity Sales of alcoholic beverages by the drink, including bottles of beer, wine, etc. opened and consumed on premises....................... 3% 7% n/a 10%

Sales of food and nonalcoholic beverages intended for consumption on the premises.............................................................. – 7% n/a 7%

Rentals of apartments (except hotels or motels): • for less than eight weeks............................................................... 9% – – 9% • for eight weeks or more ............ Rentals of rooms, apartments, or other facilities in hotels, motels, bed and breakfast inns, rooming and boarding houses, or similar establishments (see Notes 1 and 2): • for less than 90 days .................................................................... 9% 4% 1% 14% • for 90 days or more, but for less than one year ............................ 9% – – 9% • under a lease for one year or more ..............................................

Cover charges, minimum charges, entertainment, or similar charges in a restaurant, cafe, cabaret, hotel, or similar establishment ............ 9% 4% n/a 13%

Admission charges to any theater, moving picture exhibition or show, pier, exhibition, or place of amusement (see Note 3) ......... 9% 4% n/a 13%

Charges for rolling chairs, sightseeing rides, tram rides, horoscope machines, and fortune tellers .............................................................. 9% – n/a 9%

Charges for amusement rides and rentals of beach chairs, cabanas, and bicycles......................................................................................... 9% 4% n/a 13%

Note 1: The State hotel/motel occupancy fee is imposed on the rental of a room in a hotel, motel, or similar facility in New Jersey. In most municipalities, the occupancy fee was 7% between August 1, 2003, and June 30, 2004. On and after July 1, 2004, the fee is 5%. However, in Atlantic City, which already imposes a local tax (luxury tax) on hotel/motel occupancies, the State occupancy fee is 1%. This fee is in addition to any other taxes and/ or fees imposed. Note

2: Rentals of conference rooms, banquet rooms, and other places of assembly are exempt from both sales tax and the State occupancy fee.

Note 3: Charges for admission for participant sports or to sporting events where other State tax is collected are exempt from sales tax

Tourism Promotion Fee in Hotels, Etc. A tourism promotion fee of either $1 or $2 per day is charged for each room rental in a hotel, motel, inn, rooming house, etc. This fee applies to each room either occupied or possessed by guests, other than as a place of assembly. The fee is also due with respect to “complimentary” occupancies. The rate of $2 per day applies to each occupied room in the case of hotels which provide casino gambling. The $1 per day rate applies to each occupied room in all other facilities. The fee is only includible in a taxable receipt for either sales tax or luxury tax purposes if passed along to the customer as part of the room rent, whether or not the fee is separately stated. Casino Fees. A minimum charge of $3 a day is imposed for the use of a parking space for parking, garaging, or storing motor vehicles on property owned or leased by a casino hotel. For more information see Technical Bulletin TB-22, Atlantic City Casino Parking Fees. There is also a fee of $3 a day on each hotel room in a casino hotel that is occupied by a guest, whether for consideration or as a complimentary item. This fee is in addition to any other taxes and/or fees imposed on such occupancies.

Hospitality in Islam, Judaism and World Banking

Under Islam, a stranger is referred to as “Ibn Al-Sabil” (wayfarer) who is paid a lot of attention by Islam. The Qur’an considers that it is an act of righteousness to give money to a wayfarer.

We read the following verse:

Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah , the Last Day, the angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler… (Al-Baqarah 2:177)

The Qur’an orders doing good to wayfarers. We read the following verse:Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do good, and to relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the neighbor farther away, the companion at your side, the traveler… (An-Nisaa’ 4:36)

A wayfarer was entitled to a share in the war booty. In the Qur’an, we read the following verse:

And know that anything you obtain of war booty – then indeed, for Allah is one fifth of it and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler… (Al-Anfal 8:41)

A wayfarer was also entitled to a share in the Zakah expenditures. In the Qur’an, we read the following verse:

Zakah expenditures are only for the poor and for the needy and for those employed to collect [zakah] and for bringing hearts together [for Islam] and for freeing captives [or slaves] and for those in debt and for the cause of Allah and for the [stranded] traveler – an obligation [imposed] by Allah. (At-Tawbah 9:60)

Prophet Muhammad urged Muslims to give money to the wayfarers. Abu Said Al-Khudry reports that the Messenger of Allah said: “This money is green and sweet. It is a good companion of the Muslim who gives from it to the orphan, the needy and the wayfarers.” (Ahmad)

According to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), the one who denies a wayfarer his surplus water is one of three persons at whom God will not look on the Day of Judgment.

Judaism http://jewishnews.com.ua/en/publication/8_rules_of_jewish_hospitality

Excerpt:

People nowadays are more withdrawn. The older generation still remembers the tradition of hospitality, when it was not only customary to visit each other at home, but to stay the night. Now people don’t meet “face to face” or on private territories any more, but in cafés. The home is the external reflection of the inner being of the person! By letting someone into our domain, we automatically open up a piece of our inner self, we reveal our true nature, give people the chance to know us, and we open our most valuable things to our guests – our home, family, atmosphere, traditions… Everything that is a profound understanding of the commandment of “Hospitality”.

How should one receive guests correctly?

1. It’s important to create psychological comfort for the guest. People may not know you personally at all. They have simply called the project and expressed the desire to spend Shabbat in a family. Accordingly, they’ll feel uncomfortable and awkward, especially as they on a “strange” territory and among unfamiliar people.

2. It’s appropriate to ask guests whether this is their first Shabbat. This may also be another factor for their embarrassment: they will be afraid to do something wrong, or sit tensely through the entire meal, not understanding what is happening and why. Remember that you should carefully explain each part of the meal and say what will happen next. And don’t teach them manners, the person is not your pupil, but your guest!

3. In receiving new people, provide dishes without meat or that are not fried, as your guest may be a vegetarian or may have stomach problems.

4. If there are factors for the receiving side which are fundamental in the home (not to ring the doorbell, not to talk on the telephone, or for example not to take off shoes), agree on them at the moment of invitation, but not as a request. For example: “Please knock on the door. We don’t use the doorbell on Shabbat”. Don’t increase discomfort by showing the guest’s lack of knowledge.

5. When a guest asks what to bring, I reply: “A big smile!” But if a secular person even turns him with a present, for example with flowers, you shouldn’t tell them at the doorway that this is incorrect. Over time they will realize this themselves. Your task at this moment is to provide them with experience and not crush their desire to learn about the fundaments of Judaism. It is important not to offend a person while observing Halakha [the rules of Judaism].

6. Make toasts properly. My husband and I take it in turns: if a person needs to leave while most of the guests are still sitting at the table, one of us stays with the guests, and the other sees the person off. We express our gratitude that the guest shared Shabbat with us. It is not customary to watch a person leave, so as not to embarrass anyone: we close the door “without long goodbyes”. On one side of our stairwell there is lift, and on the other a staircase. On Shabbat we don’t use the lift, but it’s up to the guest to decide how to leave.

7. In a situation when a guest has been there for a long time, remember that the goal of hospitality is not the personal comfort of the hosts, but of the guests who have come to visit. Perhaps the person feels unhappy and needs to talk to people. This need is just as important for people as food! When you hear that a guest is hungry, you lay the table and feed them, don’t you? There are people who also have a spiritual hunger. When they come to a family, they start to melt and enjoy the family warmth and hearty conversation.

8. We also try to organize guests according to their groups of interests. If we realize that our guests have a good understanding of Halakha, we may raise profound topics at the table, discuss a chapter of the Torah in detail and hold a dialogue.

When I asked Google if the Mellon family was “Jewish”, it took me to a web site and read I the following at the bottom of: http://www.overlordsofchaos.com/html/jewish_conspiracy_45.html

The man was Andrew Mellon (1855-1937), who was at the time Secretary of the Treasury and Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. Mellon was privy to the hidden agenda to bring the American economy to its knees as commanded by the International Banking Cartel, the Invisible Money Power, in which the Rothschilds stand supreme.

The Great Depression was a premeditated attack on the ordinary American, the middle class especially, orchestrated by the Cult of Evil and its lackeys in banking and government, one of whom was Mellon. The target of this attack was the ordinary hard-working person, the individual spirits who grafted to secure for themselves and their families a degree of prosperity that guaranteed peace of mind. The individuals who lived the "American dream" and were the bastions of the free enterprise ethos and who collectively were the men and women who built America. These enterprising individuals were the prey of the wicked and evil men who dream of a global empire in which this initiative and spirit are an anathema. In short, they, the International Bankers, Invisible Money Power, wanted to liquidate the bourgeoisie, the middle class of America.

The "worthy people" Mellon alludes to are the Wall Street Bankers, the American arm of the international banking hydra that is milking society dry. Moreover, when the deliberately created collapse of the American economy occurred the middle class that had worked so hard to create what wealth it had, were ground under the heel of the international usurer who went about buying up America.

As the depression grew ever worse, prices and values kept going down and money became increasingly scarce. House prices plummeted and money had almost disappeared from the American scene and panics swept across the land. In the contrived chaos the usurer and his minions swept across America, buying up property whose prices had collapsed to almost nothing. The International Bankers had bought America on the cheap: they had bought it at ten cents on the dollar. In short, the American people had been deliberately, premeditatedly, completely, denuded of their savings and labours by the monster that is the "banking system."

The sinister role of the Federal Reserve System in this operation was great indeed. Since the group of seven men on the Federal Reserve Board, as well as the directors of the twelve Federal Reserve Regional Banks, could have ended the "Great Depression" in two weeks if they had a mind to do so. Nevertheless, they did not because their agenda was not to preserve the "American dream" but to destroy it. They wanted to exacerbate the depression to accomplish long-range objectives that were concealed from the American people.

The International Banking system was created to bring about controlled economic cycles of "boom and bust" that operates for one purpose and one purpose only. To liquidate the middle class whenever they become successful enough to approach independence, economic independence free of the usurer. The raison d'être of the banking system is to provide the means and wherewithal whereby the Cult of Evil can enslave humanity. The role of the Rothschilds in this move to enslave the world is pivotal, for without them the movement towards global tyranny would be have been somewhat different. The apparent disappearance of the Rothschilds from the public arena and their rehabilitation as "private bankers" of integrity and good reputation and as major altruists to numerous "good causes" is a masterful job of deception. They may have ducked from publicity but they most certainly have not gone away nor has their power diminished.

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Look at my map for the poverty ridden Mississippi Gulf Coast tourism environment which is following Atlantic City’s lead of growing a tourism bureau to control the market in the interest of a few through corrupt leadership on the Board, starting with the 37^th largest American Bank’s founder’s grandson, that serves as President of the Mississippi Gulf Coast Regional Convention and Visitors Bureau, managing $4 million dollars to promote business and the two best known family attractions lost sales this year and saw their greatest year to date before the first casino in 1992.  Visit www.mississippigulfcoastmap.com to view our Mississippi Gulf Coast map on Facebook.

Do your part.  Please cut and paste www.tourismguru.blogspot.com in an email and send it to BPsettlement@senate.ms.gov with a message of confidence to President Elect Donald Trump and my team actually knowing what we are doing.  Ask Mississippi to “Tithe 10%” of the BP settlement money to Tourism Business Solutions to repair the damage caused by the corruption of Keynesian Theory applied to marketing management, exposed in this blog.  Thank You.  Please make comments.

Writing my book in  August 2005, unpublished....till now.

Mississippi The Hospitality State ???

As a fifth generation local to the Mississippi Gulf Coast, Hank has seen the most insanity of any capitalist system as government agents get involved every aspect of tourism industry, leaving the people in business confused each year as to how to reach their consumers and advance their business. Since Mississippi is currently considered the highest in public corruption and the lowest in per capita income, it seems easy to believe that there is something fishy goin' on down here.

In the 1970s, the tourism industry saw a major loss of business to the independent artists and entrepreneurs, as national chain hotels were becoming more and more popular along the coastal areas. Many of these new accommodations were buiilt on other land that was completely distant from the primary attractions.

While the construction of the interstate was connecting Louisiana to Alabama only a few miles north of Mississippi's coastline, Alabamas economy took off like a rocket. The locals were hearing complaints from tourists that had accidently discovered their attraction and were always hearing about better tourism on the Alabama Coast. The average length of stay and repeat visitation rate had fallen dramatically. The economy became so depressed, that the people voted in the Harrison County Tourism Commission (HCTC) with a 3% tax and spend program in 1979.

For the next 11 years this economic and social depression was still plaguing the independent business owners as national chains kept popping up with great success. Throughout the 1980s, Mississippians could not give away condos at cost, while they were selling for exceptionally high profits in Alabama and Florida. As more unique artists and entrepreneurs opened and closed, the poor remained poor.

The people became so depressed that they voted in casinos as their cure for their future in the early 1990s for Hancock County and Harrison County. By 1993 small businesses were crying foul against the casino industry, which had increased the local hotel occupancy rate to near 100% in summer season and more than doubled occupancy in the three other seasons.

As Hank had interviewed thousands of tourists aboard Mississippi's best known attraction (Ship Island Ferry) before the arrival of the first casino, he sensed that something was wrong as so many tourists accused Mississippi Gulf Coast of false advertising about historic sites, attractions, museums, seafood, etc. Those tourists would always leave thanking Hank for "making their vacation". His boss was astounded. At the time, Hank thought nothing of it.

After hearing those tourism complaints, Hank got more involved and attended every Hotel/Motel meeting and represented Ship Island Ferry with his mother who acted as the marketing director. He learned a great deal about the industry and how easily this audience could be mislead by poor marketing leadership ideas.

To pay for his research, Hank
Hank invented an interactive touch screen to provide high quality multi-media while gathering research about the tourism industry. He was exceptionally successful to selling independent small businesses and accommodations with this direct link to ten touch screens which printed coupons and directions as well as provide cellular link to golf courses and accommodations.

Because Americans over-support Keynesian Economics Theory and Accommodations Taxes, we are poor!

Another "Deplorable" from Mississippi Sees A Trump Card

In the 1990s I was like many distraught and completely disappointed voters of today.  I paced the floor or drove the streets feverishly, chain-smoking generic cigarettes, self-medicating with Bush Light, with a mind racing - wondering and scared my future in tourism marketing and for the future of mankind’s wealth and environment if the traveler is to be so manipulated for corporate profit of the petroleum and automobile industries over a moral commitment to guest friendship/hospitality in America.  Since then, China has become the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th largest oil companies (combined revenues of $1,252.101 billion in 2015’s low gas prices); Saudi Aramco ranks 1st ($478 billion) while Exxon Mobil ranks 5th ($268.9 billion), Valero ranks 12th ($130.84) with Chevron 14th, Marathon 21st.  The three largest consumers of gasoline 2012 are: USA = 8,682.21;  China = 1,908.06; Japan = 977.83. The efficiency of direct and proximity marketing by a smart phone replacing the advertising and destination marketing of Yellow Pages for many products or services should show great reductions in petroleum demand, but current results in America are baffling, while corporate marketing strategies and tourism tax managers continue to deceive the traveler.  Travel tax managers are constantly introducing new products in the advertising mix to confuse the productivity of leadership of capitalism and free enterprise for efficiency of each marketing dollar, resulting in more pollution by automobiles. The National Highway Act of 1956 yielded great opportunity for real estate investors, such as the Mellon investors’ Gulf Oil, and foreign oil company’s owners were masters of colonization of new land for the past 200 years+, and as interstate construction was being drawn and access routes to the beach were determined).  Just like the RR tycoons of American history, they bought the land, brought in the tracks with government money, and built an economy out of raw land; oil companies and automobile companies went into the hospitality/ real estate industry and manipulated the travelers in RR communities/downtown like Mississippi Gulf Coast through government subsidized economics-marketing strategies and the control of tourism taxes.  This was a huge stretch on Keynesian economic theory.  America’s first accommodations tax originated in Detroit!!!. Gulf partnered with Holiday Inn in 1963, built in Mississippi in 1967, created many American’s first credit card for financing travel as their locations encouraged financing of behaviors, such as shopping, dining and entertainment of the traveler to require automobile transportation.   Since 1956, Gulf Oil and many foreign oil companies in non-mineral rich land south of I-10, family tourism seen greater prosperity in Mobile, Baldwin and Escambia counties and hotels or hotel management companies in Mississippi. In 1990, IRS vs Gulf Oil broke the notion of Seven Sisters, since this American company, Gulf Oil Company produced more income in the real estate ownership and tourism management business than in the oil business.  This is called Vertical Integration! (Watched for closely in America).  Much of that land and others associated with colonization land grabs and national chain-ism that came with highways in America is securely traded in the assets in the London Stock Exchange (“The Financial Center of the World’), where the 8th ranked British Petroleum’s Int. Mkt. V.P. and Int. Mkt. consultant to 6th ranked Royal Dutch Shell (combined $487.8 Billion) explained “who really owns America’s future” to me and 7 other International Marketing students in 1990, followed by Margaret Thatcher’s plans for the release of a 100 year lease expiring and colonization of Hong Kong were taught.  Did you know that Motel 6 is French owned? Ain’t that strange!  Hmmm. Please take a good look at the numbers that count for our economy and environment, and have an open mind to the concept of a hospitality professional of great success like President elect Donald Trump, hiring of a former CEO from Exxon, or a non-global warming theorist as director of EPA (pure capitalism is the perfect solution), and a former governor of Texas that can’t justify the crap that comes out of government over-regulation of efficiency and productivity of the competitive marketplace.  To understand that he may offer hope to the independent small business owners, and wages of local employees, is to know that he has probably never dared open a hotel in a neighborhood that offered no walking to shopping, dining, attractions or entertainment or hospitality opportunity.

BP Settlement Proposal

December 1, 2016

Dear Mississippi Government:

I am so grateful to the Mississippi government that made my education in Mississippi affordable and superior to any Ivy league school when it comes to tourism marketing, management and economic development. After returning from USM’s Austrian and British Studies Abroad in 1990, other students flocked to my desk in the library to better understand the world of marketing management. By hiring a new tourism company listed on the Budapest Stock Exchange for 6 months, growing from $3 to $77 per share, I learned a great deal about the economic benefits of the sharing of a community’s wealth with the stranger/tourist in Vienna, Budapest, Prague, Dresden, E. and W. Berlin 1990 (as the Wall fell). Note: Hungary is a new, free and Non-Rothschild Banking country.

Under a blooming cherry tree, among 7 other students, I learned from a Parliamentarian and the founder of the Green Party while she ran for President of Austria; The Sr. VP of Austrian Bank taught me how to recognize money laundering, post Reaganomics; In E. Europe I learned the economic promise of freedom from control of the market by a communist government and the long term mental depression they were overcoming from the suppression of freedom. I now look back and ask with such disdain, “Have I ever experienced freedom in Mississippi in my 52 years? What are the values of my political party? Does the other party have better morals?

In London, BP’s International Marketing VP and consultant to Royal Dutch Shell, Ray G. Wiltshire, taught me how to think marketing and world affairs only one month before the dissolving of the Seven Sisters beginning with IRS vs. Gulf Oil, Co. because they owned more real estate assets than petroleum claims on their properties. This included $$ Billions of dollars in tourism, commercial and residential real estate in Mobile, Baldwin, and Escambia counties as well as national chain hotels in Mississippi, managed by foreigners of the state, undermining the concept of hospitality from locals. British Petroleum acquired all the land developed and to be developed, associated with the petroleum marketing strategies related in Mississippi and abroad, as America seems powerless to defend against this colonizing of America, as our downtown becomes abandoned, and unemployment is rampant. Travelers maximize gasoline expenses in our market and refuse to walk the downtown anymore.

Since 1963, Holiday Inn partnered with Gulf Oil to colonize up and coming interstates to mass market transportation by travelers by placing brochure racks from AL and FL in the MS hotels they own since 1967, under the name Gulf Shores, Inc., they raped millions of travelers from enjoyment of the State of Mississippi and destroyed all efforts of hospitality by locals, as our horrible international reputation continues to make first impressions of the people of Mississippi who are traveling to other places.

In 1979, the year of Hurricane Frederic, Mississippi created its first tourism tax and worked to cover up the dysfunction as petroleum banks, national chains, and beverage companies maximized profits and served on tourism boards, in the poorest, most obese and most corrupt state in America, while entrepreneurs went crazy trying to figure out how to capitalize in the tourism market, with this false stimulant in place, constantly making random and unintelligent decisions for the people that voted for the future of their children. While I saved more money selling Nelson Bibles in the Carolinas in summers of 1989 or 1991 than ever working a year in Mississippi as a leader that developed commerce to downtown Pass Christian since 3/94, Bay St. Louis and Ocean Springs in 10/1996; hired by Gulfport in 7/05, it seems quite evident that the voters in Mississippi don’t read the Holy Bible or have knowledge of how Jesus rescued Mathew from a tax station that only taxed tourists in chapter 9. In Chapter 10, Jesus promised his disciples God’s wrath “Worse than Sodom and Gomorrah” for in-hospitality. As my elected officials, did anybody other than me tell you that voting to make tourism taxes permanent in 2005 was inherently evil and unjustified, the year of Hurricane Katrina.

With the only state in the South losing population under your care, do you think keeping the tourism taxes is tolerable by the voters? I have written a book ready for publish at any time that details the misbehavior and wrong decisions made against the traveler, before and after Katrina. Since the politicians in Jackson do not research the tax records of my clients before and after my company is hired, they remain uninformed by self serving bureaucrats that lie to the public officials and public with great deception of whose responsible for the economic ups and downs. Please go to www.mgctourism.com or www.tourismguru.blogspot.com “Where were they thinking” or “Downtown Development School is Now Open” (dated 2 weeks before Katrina) to know we can fix this problem.

The Mississippi Gulf Coast tourism leaders, including the Gaming Board, did not make any friends with Donald Trump, by refusing his capitalistic venture that promised direct cooperation with my business and all of my clients in four downtown communities, just as Grand Casinos had employed my concierge desk displays to sell local hospitality. At the same time, they welcomed Lee Iococa and his backing. Currently, IP and Silver Slipper are the only two casinos that offer any hospitality, like a brochure rack in their hotel lobby to show any value to the living in South Mississippi. Unless this whole fiasco is a money laundering operation in Mississippi, who only taxes the gaming revenues 7%, while Louisiana taxes 18%, this behavior by our casino hotels is a planned forcing of poverty on us all. Is it just coincidence, or biblical justice, that the stockholders of MS Greatest Gaming success/true hospitality story, GRAND was bought out be a foreign company before God’s wrath. Unlike most local casinos, Trump wanted windows to view the coast and a LOCAL brochure rack to support the local economy!

Proposal

1. Pass a law that stops petroleum owned, foreign and domestic, accommodation in the RV, Hotel, Motel from hosing Mississippi guests.

2. Eliminate all accommodations taxes. Any tax on tourists will be also made on locals and voted in by locals. Make this law.

3. Award Tourism Business Solutions $6,000,000 for Mississippi Gulf Coast and $20,000,000 to set up the communities Throughout the State with downtown redevelopment, as I can produce testimony of my past. Spend the rest rewarding grants for college to students with no discrimination bias features, except grades.

Thank you for your consideration.

Henry Ward

Tourism Business Solutions

2308 Arnold Street

Waveland, MS 39576

228-216-2217

Consultant@tourismeconomy.com

www.Mississippigulfcoastmap.com

Rebuilding Mississippi Beyond Petroleum Marketing

Many of His friends are still stressed out from all of the changes that are going on around them, as they slowly rebuild their lives after Katrina. Reading a book that tells of displacement and recovery can really inspire your future approach to rebuilding.

Hank strongly encourages reading “God Wants You To Be Rich” by Paul Zane Pilzer is all about changes and how capitalism will take care of itself, as creative entrepreneurs reinvent their approach to recovery from displacement. In our quest for economic alchemy, the best of us comes through in a capitalist country.

While Hank found the book very easy to read and inspirational, he was also inspired by his explanation of the predictions of economist Joseph Schumpeter’s work, “Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, 1942” whereby he explained that when people feel economically displaced, they look to their government and vote in socialistic leadership. After a generation or two of dismal failures, the children and grandchildren turn back to limited government as vehement capitalists protesting the idealistic controls set by big government, and thereby pure capitalism is reborn stronger than ever.

Throughout the 1970s the entire tourism industry had felt displaced but had no idea who was to blame, so politicians voted in a 3% tourism penalty tax and spend program (Harrison County Tourism Commission) to help stimulate the economy beginning in 1979. As a result, profits increased for national chains hotels and only the national chain hotels. Throughout the 1980s, Mississippi investors could not give away a condo, while they sold like hot cakes in Florida and Alabama. As family tourism continued to be more displaced, locals finally voted in casinos as their solution twelve desperate years later.

The cause of all the family tourism displacement had everything to do with the leading national chain hotel owners’ desire to get the tourist to drive more on vacation and consider another destination where they had significant land and tourism holdings. No matter how much effort locals made to draw tourism to the area, most national chain accommodations in Mississippi Gulf Coast were marketing tourism to Florida, Alabama and Louisiana.

Until Hank traced so many property deeds of nation chain accommodations to domestic and foreign oil companies and other real estate investment companies, he couldn’t understand why our hotels were so willing to commit suicide to their own industry, year after year. While small businesses were blaming casinos in 1993, Hank discovered that over 90% of family tourism brochures in local hotels redirected tourists to attractions and shops in other states, rather that the local downtown. As a traveler, he knows this to be a national economic concern.

Americans burn exponentially more gasoline on vacation than we did before the energy efficient interstate system was built and have seen little results from CAFÉ legislation because oil companies own so much vertical integration in the tourism industry and are so involved in socialistically lead marketing campaigns that keep the locals displaced and the tourist constantly on the move. It’s time to take apart this marketing strategy by big oil companies, big government, a local advertising agency and other real estate developers as we refocus on our core capitalistic principals.


The Political Solutions of Hank the Tourism Alchemist

1. The federal government should outlaw the ownership or the financial backing of foreigner owned accommodations from any business in the sale or distribution of fuel or transportation companies.

2. The state government should seize all tourism penalty tax dollars and dissolve all government leadership programs of tourism and economics, and watch to locals come together around their Chamber and merchant associations to provide their own leadership campaigns.

3. Call Hank for an analysis of the best and least expensive approach to recovery.

As a licensed Realtor in Waveland and a marketing consultant that was hired to market downtown Pass, Christian in ‘94, Old Town and Ocean Springs before Cruising ‘96+, and downtown Gulfport in July of 2005, I appreciate the actions of Mayor Mike Smith and the current city council for their current economic plans for downtown. Before bashing economic foolishness of a downtown incubator building, I must praise former Mayor Longo and the council of 2005 that both published warnings of potential flooding and hurricanes in the June edition of Hancock Reporter.

I’ve given it much thought after 24 years of research concerning the independent small businesses and tourism and have concluded that the best solution would be to begin with selling the incubator building to the State Jaycees to manage, Junior Chamber ages 21-40, with a mission to establish a Hancock County Jaycees in downtown Waveland.

As an officer in the Hattiesburg Jaycees in college, I learned how to work with event planners to make an event go smooth. We helped and honored the police, schools, fire department in the Jaycee Building and hosted parades in downtown and Christmas parade, before delivering our fund raising to non profits like Toys for Tots, Red Cross, etc.

Our city should owner finance that building to the Jaycees with an agreement pay assume up to 80% of balance after a rental income toward the note in exchange for the minutes to at least 24 meetings per year. Remember, “idle hands are the devils workshop,” and there are no better words to memorize for a theme of life than the Jaycee Creed. We should be willing to pay respect to our younger crowd in slow moving world. Let’s give to the young, and watch them restore hope.

Henry Ward

www.mississippigulfcoastmap.com
Realtor@tourismeconomy.com

What does God think of taxing the traveler to build an Empire that acts unhospitable to stangers?

Let's ask these 7 Churches of their opinion.

Hospitality Towards Guests

Finally, today, I saw Rochelle Harper on the 5:00 p.m. Coverage of Newswatch 13. Having a friend like Rochelle Harper Band on FB brought back great memories of learning hospitality in formerly communist and currently socialist countries of East Europe in the summer of 1990. She was joining protesters to demand rights from the select religious leadership that have large platforms of division based of a birth difference.

I saw a man holding a bible as he threatened Rochelle's team of supporters for the rights of freedom to the gay community, with the invitation of Sodom and Gomorrah spoken from his breath.

I hope you are willing to listen to a well accomplished Nelson Bible salesman that listened to people of many religions, and I am here to say that it has been made all about building and preserving the empire through the convenient misinterpretation of God's will. Always reflect on the words of the emperor, “Divide and Conquer, the land and the people.” Americans are so divided and conquerable through misinterpretations of God's word. Could the Romans (who took over early Christianity teachings) have twisted a Judaism story to preserve their empire and create a division of the people?  Conspiracy theorists that know the history of world banking, churches and the name "Rothschild" know all about profiting from division of people and land.  Financing wars is one of their goal.

My Story:

Many of my friends could not understand why I was so driven to save the travelers/strangers visiting the Mississippi-Gulf-Coast from in-hospitality as I witnessed throughout the national chains and most casinos. “You are not making money at this, move on,” was a common request from associates of mine as I prided my company for helping develop four downtown economies with brochures. As a world traveler in countries with no government in place, and a person with a caring spirit of brotherhood, I was always motivated by the visitors' needs of local information.

As an accomplished 2 year bible salesman in the Carolina's, I learned to respect people of different beliefs.  As a Catholic, I was challenged.  Following Katrina, I learned that her name means (Blessed, Pure, Holy), and I knew the greatest evil I could have ever imagined was a Mississippi Gulf Coast accommodations tax that focused on confusing guests and marketing FL, AL and New Orleans.  After receiving internet hook-up, I googled "Hospitality=Religion" and began to see this horrific tragedy as the result of God;s fury with the people of South Mississippi for refusing to read        Mathew 9; 9               And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the receipt of custom: and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed him.

As a fighter for the traveler's rights, I fear God's wrath if we fail to lead people to focus on serving the stranger, and outlaw tourism taxes.  As they say in old Hindu, “Atithi Devo Bhava,” (The Guest is God). Greek law of “Theoxenia” claims, that if you ever play host to a deity and perform poorly, you will inherit the wrath of a god. Jesus spoke of hospitality, not homosexuality.

The executive director, of tourism taxes,  Stephen Richer claimed to be Jewish, as he explained Hanna ca  with Brad of WLOX TV 13, and won many Christians of the area's as trustworthy.  At Holiday Inn  Gulfport at March 1999's Hotel-Motel Association meeting, where there was a full attendance, he announced his endorsement of "Where Magazine of New Orleans" to cross-market our proximity to New Orleans.  The magazine had hit the bedside table in practically every accommodation, as my brochures in the lobby lay dormant in the lobby.  Immediately, the small businesses cried, and downtown merchants accused me of no longer supporting their downtown, as tourists shortened their stay.  Later, when I e-mailed Brad and asked him to recognize on TV this action against the economy of Mississippi Gulf Coast by this proud Jew that arrived from Princeton with his superior education in "tourism economics", Brad defended his judgement to not report this crime against humanity, as President of Beth Israel and reported me to his boss as a racist.  I guess that since they can receive $$$$$$$$$$millions in advertising sales from this social program that undermines capitalism and freedom of the people.  One day, Americans will see the media self destroy any and all integrity.

After reading the following definition by the understanding of Sodom by a Rabbi, rather than a filthy rich American preacher, can you still follow a leader who taxes strangers, destroys careers of marketing professionals with that stolen money and leads locals with the Mark of the Beast, 228-8-9-666-99? When Mississippi's democratically elected government made these taxes permanent in 2005 with no testimony of past achievement, God's wrath was emanate. The time is now to chase out the evil and demand immediate PRIVATIZATION of tourism taxes, with plans for complete elimination in the near future. Lets deliver hospitality to the stranger. Forward this on your representatives and governor for a lesson from the good book. Read my stories on www.tourismguru.blogspot.com or go to HospitalityHank on You Tube.com and watch an old creation “Crimes Against Humanity “. Look on FB Mississippi Gulf Coast Map to realize that real leadership starts with the rights of the capitalist in a Republican State. Support my cause to stamp out economic sodomy; call today to support a great cause.  Please like my FB Page Mississippi Gulf Coast Map or  www.mississippigulfcoastmap.com.

The destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah

This week's parashah is Va'yera. Within its verses we find some of the most familiar, and troubling, stories in the Torah. For Va'yera contains within it the stories of the Akeidah (the binding of Isaac on Mt. Moriah), the expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael by Abraham and Sarah, and the destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah. It is on this last narrative that I would like to focus my d'var torah for this week.

In our contemporary lexicon the phrase "Sodom and Gomorrah" has become synonymous with extreme depravity and immorality, with a particularly sexual connotation. Within the narrative in Bereshit it would seem that sexual immorality is only part of the evil of Sodom. Contrary to popular usage it is also clear from the reading of the narrative that it is not homosexuality that is the sin of Sodom and Gomorrah (though Jerry Fallwell and others might disagree). The people of Sodom did demand that Lot (Abraham and Sarah's nephew) hand over the strangers in their house (actually messengers of God sent to tell Lot of the impending doom) so that "we may know them," which is clearly a sexual reference in terms of biblical Hebrew. However, what makes them sinful according to our Sages is not sexual desire or lust, but rather their desire to abuse and humiliate other human beings because they are strangers in their midst. The two messengers could just has easily have been women and the people's response would have been the same. The Sages teach us that only the wealthy were welcome as guest in Sodom. The poor were to be expelled or killed.

We read in Midrash Pirkei Eliezer (a collection of rabbinic homilies collected in the 3rd and 4th centuries in the land of Israel) that any resident of these cities who attempted to give food or aid to a poor person was subject to death. As a matter of fact, this same midrash tells us that Lot's daughter was convicted of giving bread to a poor person each time she went to the well for water and, as the people began her execution, she cried out to God. It was this cry that reached God and prompted God to send the messengers (angels) to Sodom and Gomorrah to see if their sin was as great as her cry would imply.

In his book of Torah commentary "Jewish Values in an Open Society", the economist and business ethicist Meir Tamari writes about the sin of Sodom and Gomorrah as the sin of Economic Egoism. He reminds us that according to our Sages the greed and desire for wealth on the part of the residents was insatiable. Anyone who got in their way, such as a poor person who might ask for some of their money or food, was expendable. All common human decencies were anathema to the Sodomites. This even affected Lot who, thanks to being raised by Abraham and Sarah, still knew to offer the strangers - angels hospitality. Yet he was still willing to give over his daughters to satisfy the people's sexual lust rather than hand over his guests. Our Sages taught "it is the custom of the world that a man is prepared to kill or be killed in order to protect his wife and daughters, yet this one [Lot] is willing to give his daughters over to sexual abuse." (Midrash Tanhuma, Bereshit 36). Even Lot had begun to take on the characteristics of his neighbors and so he needed to be rescued before he and his family became just as depraved as the remainder of the residents.

The callousness of the residents that was so infectious was based on this desire to always have more for oneself - more money, more land, more jewels, more servants. No thought was given to what others had. No one cared about helping those less fortunate. "What's mine is mine and what's yours is yours" was the ethic of Sodom and Gomorrah (Pirkei Avot/Ethics of the Fathers 5:11). At first this would seem to be a sensible and harmless ethic, and yet it places the emphasis on individual possessions and financial gain and ignores the demand that we care for all of humanity. Tamari reminds us that, unlike the Talmudic belief that certain urges decrease when they remain unfulfilled and others, such as hunger, increase when unfulfilled, the urge for monetary and material gain increases when one has less and when one amasses more if left unchecked. This leads to that sense of economic egoism of which Tamari speaks.

We all remember the legendary greed of the 80's as epitomized by the line from the movie "Wall Street" that "greed is good." We remember the collapse of the Savings and Loan industry that was, in part, fueled by this greed. We all know of pyramid schemes and other scams that are the result of the greed of certain individuals. Today we see all too well what greed can do as we watch the collapse of Enron and other corporations as well as the drastic decline of the stock market.

One might say that the latter is merely a corrective that was bound to happen and that is has nothing to do with greed - and one would be correct. However, the extent of the decline and the other collapses in our economy have in part been brought about by the greed of some which then spread many. For one central lesson of Sodom and Gomorrah is that the cities were destroyed not because of the sins of a few individuals, but of the society as a whole. Not even ten righteous people, the minimum to constitute a community, could be found in the cities. The entire community had become selfish and evil, and so they brought about their own destruction.

This story can serve as a warning to us today. I still believe that humanity and society is basically good, and that most people want to care for those in need. But I also believe that the desire for wealth and security, which is a natural and healthy drive, can overtake us if we are not careful. It is this desire in its extreme form that brought about the destruction of contemporary "communities" such as Enron and others. We must be careful that it does not infect more communities or society at large. The collapse of Enron and other current economic and societal woes should serve as a wake-up call and a warning, just as I'm sure the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah should have to surrounding cities, as well as to Lot and his family.

May our society heed the warning and remember that serving others in need and the community at large is just as important as serving oneself and one's needs. If we remember to keep this balance and to avoid economic egoism - and if we remind our leaders in both the worlds of business and politics of this - then we will avoid the equivalent of the fate of Sodom and Gomorrah (and Enron) for our society as a whole.

Author: Rabbi Steven Pik-Nathan

Topics: Divrei Torah

Type: Dvar Torah.


The Real Meaning of Sodomy
by Nick Gier, Professor Emeritus, University of Idaho (nickgier@roadrunner.com)
For a book length study of this topic, see Michael Carden
Sodomy: A History of a Christian Biblical Myth
"Sodomy" and "sodomite" are some of the ugliest words in the English language. They of course are derived from the Canaanite city of Sodom, whose destruction along with Gomorrah is related in Genesis 19. Most people assume that homosexuality was the grounds for this divine retribution and that this is the reason that gay men have been branded "sodomites." The word itself, used as implying a sexual sin, does not appear until A.D. 395 in letters between Saint Jerome and a priest Amandus, but the details of the act and the nature of the sin are not explained.
A growing consensus about sexual orientation is that it primarily genetically determined, so gays and lesbians may not have any choice in the matter. There are two alternative theological positions that follow from the conservative Christian position: (1) If homosexuals are inherently evil, then that means that God created them such; or (2) more orthodox and acceptable is the view that all humans are created in the image of God and all that God creates is good. Therefore, if God creates gays and lesbians the way there are, then God must intend that they are an integral part of the human community.
(On a personal note, I learned that a gay Christian student who heard me lecture on this very point discovered great solace in this simple message about the Christian view of creation. For a Unitarian with a very low Christology, it gives me great satisfaction that I can offer a Christian student pastoral guidance and new hope for his life.)
Interestingly enough, Jesus did not interpret the sin of Sodom as sexual. First, Jesus says nothing specific about the sin of homosexuality anywhere in the Gospels. He does of course speak of sexual sins, but all of us, regardless of our sexual orientation, commit a few of these. Second, when Jesus instructs his disciples to preach in the towns of Israel, Jesus warns that those who do not receive them peacefully will be judged more harshly than the people of Sodom and Gomorrah (Matt. 10: 5-15).
Jesus joins other ancient authorities in viewing the sins of the Sodomites as the abuse of strangers, neglecting the poor and needy, and the stigmatizing of outsiders. For example, Ezekiel says that the people of Sodom and Gomorrah "had pride, surfeit of food, and prosperous ease, but did not aid the poor and the needy" (16:49-50); and the Wisdom of Solomon says that they "refused to receive strangers when they came to them" (19.14). On the other hand, an early Christian book I Clement states that Lot was saved "because of his hospitality and piety" (11.11). It is significant that when Leviticus condemns "men who lie with men," it does not mention the story of Sodom and Gomorrah.
It is true that other ancient authorities mention sexual sins in Sodom and Gomorrah, but these are usually described in a general way, such as lust, sexual impurity, fornication, and adultery. These again are sins of the many not just as few gays and lesbians. The narrow interpretation known today comes from an ancient minority report from thinkers such as Philo of Alexandria and Augustine of Hippo. The former condemned the Sodomites for "forbidden forms of intercourse" and the latter for "lewdness between males."[2] The odd point about this charge is that the object of Sodomitic lust is not male humans but sexless angels! (Those who object by saying that the Sodomites did not know they were angels miss the point: both Augustine and all of us who read the Bible know that they were angels!)
Today's conservatives appear to follow Augustine's untenable position, struck down in the recent Supreme Court decision, that only sexual acts between people of the same sex is sodomy. The Texas law was particularly insidious because in 1973 the legislature legalized heterosexual anal and oral sex (even including bestiality), but criminalized homosexuals who performed the same acts. Amazingly enough, two Catholic thinkers admit that these acts should be legal even for unmarried heterosexuals, because at least there is the possibility that their relationships might become the basis for a moral and legal marriage and family.[3]
(Some say that the Supreme Court decision is of only minor significance because sodomy laws were rarely enforced and the effect was therefore minimal. This view ignores the larger impact that these laws have had on gays and lesbians. In dozens of cases judges have used the fact that these people are presumed felons to deny them access to their children in custody battles or to conclude that they are not fit to adopt children. For an exposition of a number of these cases, see Joseph Landau's "Ripple Effect: Sodomy Statues as Weapons" in The New Republic, June 23, 2003.)
In his Summa Contra Gentiles Thomas Aquinas ranked sodomy as the worst crime second only to murder itself, because it essentially amounted to wanton destruction of a potential person. As the only proper place for the male seed is the female womb, those who masturbate, engage in oral sex, and, yes, even those who use contraceptives are all sodomites! (Until recently Oregon and Maryland included mutual masturbation in their sodomy laws.) If the sin of sodomy is the practice of nonprocreative sex, then every sexually active human being is a sodomite!
Protestant theologians generally joined Catholics in making sodomy a unique and unredeemable sin. It is interesting, however, to note that John Calvin, in his commentary on Genesis, does not define the Sodomites' sin as homosexual acts. Instead he prefers the social meaning of sodomy, reminding his readers that the Sodomites were "in the habit of vexing strangers," whereas Lot had offered them shelter and a meal. No friend of the freedom of the will, Calvin declares that God himself "impelled [the Sodomites] to their crime," leaving the rest of us to wonder how Calvinists can have any individual moral responsibility.
The brutal inhospitality of people of Sodom and Gomorrah stands in stark contrast with Abraham's generosity to three divine strangers who visit him in Genesis 18. (This, by the way, is not an allusion to the Christian Trinity, as Calvin actually implies, because the original Abraham could not have been monotheist let alone a Trinitarian. See this link for more on Hebrew Henotheism.) After feasting at Abraham's table the angels announce that Sarah shall conceive and that from her son a great nation shall arise. All that the barren Sarah could do in response was to laugh her famous laugh and to protest that it was impossible for her to bear a child. Two of Abraham's guests then proceed to Sodom where they intend to warn the residents of the impeding destruction of their city. The fact that Abraham demands that God save the lives of the innocent demonstrates that he again has concern for the welfare of strangers and, ironically, displays more generosity of spirit than his own God.
When the two angels arrive in Sodom, Lot and his family receive them warmly. The men of Sodom come to Lot's house and demand that the two visitors be handed over to them. The Sodomites' intentions were overtly sexual ("so that we may know them"), but these men were no more homosexuals than are the bullies in our prisons who rape newcomers and weaker prisoners on a daily basis. Although sexual in nature, these attacks are essentially acts of aggression against the "other," those who are weaker and those who are different.
Prison rapists are carrying on an ancient patriarchal tradition where the dominant male has the right to penetrate anyone subordinate to him--women, lower men, boys, and slaves. Arno Schmitt states that it was "the right of men to penetrate and their duty to lie on top" and that the raping "of one's slaves . . . was not only sanctioned by public opinion, but by some jurists as well."[4] Needless to say, medieval Christians were compelled to declare that the "woman superior" sexual position was also, incredible though it sounds, a form of sodomy.
The same theme of power rape appears in the story of the Levite in Judges 19. One night in the land of Benjamin a Levite and his concubine find themselves in Gibeah, where they were put up by a kindly old man. As in Sodom the men of the city come and demand their assumed right to abuse the stranger. (Alden Thompson follows many traditional readers in assuming, wrongly of course, that this was "clearly homosexual activity.")[5] The old man offers them his virgin daughter and the Levite's concubine, but the Levite insists that only his woman be taken. The men of Gibeah rape her to death and the next day the Levite divided up her body into twelve pieces and sent them to the tribes of Israel.
The Israelite leaders met at Mizpah and decided that the Benjamites should be punished for their "abomination." The fact that Lot also offered his daughters to the mob to save his guests from attack shows that the main issue here is not the abuse of women but the honor of men. (If the mistreatment of women were the issue, then Lot and the Levite were surely just as guilty as the Sodomites and the Gibeans.) In machismo culture a man preserves his honor by being "on top," but he loses it if he allows himself to be the passive partner. As Michael Carden observes: "In this world it is better that women be raped than men, because the rape of men takes away their heterosexuality."[6]
The point of these stories, however, goes beyond the destructive hierarchy of "top males." The message for our time is that those who embrace those different from themselves, such as Abraham and Lot, are blessed, while those who discriminate against them, such as the Sodomites and Gibeans, should be despised. I will let readers apply this biblical doctrine to contemporary America and discover to which group they belong.
At this point in time it would be futile to reject the sexual meaning of sodomy, but if the word "sodomite" should be reserved, if we should use it at all, for those who use sex to dominate, humiliate, and terrorize others. We should preserve and dignify the word "homosexual" for people who love others of their own sex, and our liberal democracy should protect their right to do so with the same tenacity that we do with any other fundamental human right.
ENDNOTES
1. See Mark D. Jordan, The Invention of Sodomy in Christian Theology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998).
2. Philo of Alexandria, Abraham 134-135; Augustine, The City of God 16.30.
3. See Andrew Sullivan, "Unnatural Law," The New Republic (March 24, 2003), p. 22. I'm indebted to Sullivan for references and insights.
4. Arno Schmitt, "Different Approaches to Male-Male Sexuality/Eroticism from Morocco to Uzbekistan" in Sexuality and Eroticism Among Males in Muslim Societies, eds. Jehoeda Sofer and Arno Schmitt (New York: Hawthrone Press, 1992), p. 3.
5. Alden Thompson, Who's Afraid of the Old Testament God? (Grand Rapids, MI: Academie Press, 1989), p. 112. Thompson admits that this story is the "worst story in the Old Testament."
6. Michael Carden, "Homophobia and Rape in Sodom and Gibeah: A Response to Ken Stone," Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 82 (1999), p. 90. I am indebted to Carden for ideas and references.


What Does The Bible Say About Hospitality? A Christian Study
by Derek Hill · Print Print · Email Email
Hospitality is a term that seems to be fading away in today’s culture.  People are becoming much more reliant on themselves.  Unfortunately, this is creating a mindset of “I don’t want someone to have to do something nice for me.”  I remember growing up and going to visit my grandma.  I realize now that I am older that I loved going to her house so much because of her hospitality.  She always fed us three square meals a day and she let us use her home as if it were our own.  She loved us through action and not just by saying “I love you.”  Now-a-days, people would rather go out to a restaurant than invite people over and cook for them.  Entertaining can be a chore with all that goes into it, but the benefits outweigh the pains.  Let us look into scripture and see what God says about hospitality.
Hospitality Requires Kindness
1 Peter 4:9 says, “Show hospitality to one another without grumbling.”  Have you ever watched someone do something because they had to and not because they wanted to?  Most of the time people will neither show joy nor gladness when they are doing something simply out of duty.  I remember working in the fast-food industry.  I served people food all of the time.  I was usually doing it out of duty because that was my job.  I also found myself complaining about my job sometimes.  I wasn’t being hospitable towards my customers at all.  Hospitality requires sincerity and kindness.  I should have served my customers with the mind-set of “I care about you as a person.”
Hospitality Should Be Shown To Everyone
Leviticus 19:34 says, “You shall not treat the stranger that sojourns with you as the native among you, and you shall love him as yourself, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God.”  Every single person on this planet deserves love because we have been shown the ultimate love  through Jesus’ death and resurrection for our sins.  Jesus showed us the perfect model for hospitality because “while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.” (Romans 5:8)  Before you and I accepted Christ, He already paid our debt on the cross.  He loved us enough to die for us all.  I can’t even love someone enough to give them a ride somewhere sometimes.  God calls us to love everyone and hospitality goes a long way, especially to those who don’t expect it from us.  So, give your co-worker a ride home, even if you don’t know them very well.  Share your lunch with other people that have none.  Invite some friends over to your house and entertain them.  You will plant a seed that God can grow.


“Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.”
Hospitality Goes Further Than You Think
God calls us to love everyone, including strangers, but you may be doing much more than you thought when you do this.  Hebrews 13:2 says, “Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.”  What a phenomenal passage of scripture!  When we show genuine hospitality to a stranger, we may be serving an angel of God.  This is absolutely amazing!  There are stories of angels appearing before men all throughout scripture, but angels still appear before us today.  How amazing will it be when you are in heaven and an angel says, “thank you”, to you because of your hospitality?
 

Hospitality is the Velcro that Joins us Together
Hospitality comes from deep within your soul.  It is a symptom of the joy that is in your heart.  When you hold the door open for someone, help an elderly person with their groceries, offer to babysit for free, buy the person’s food behind you in the drive-through lane, or any act of kindness, the reaction is almost always the same.  The person that you have helped will usually say, “thank you”, and they will feel good deep inside their soul because of your kindness.  Doing good for others many times makes them want to do good for someone else too.  It feels good to serve others.  Serving others makes them want to be around you more and it makes them better people too.  Look in the New Testament.  Read the Gospels.  Jesus is the model of hospitality.  He had crowds in the thousands following Him because of His compassion for them.  Matthew chapters 5, 6, and 7 all encompass the sermon that Jesus gave on a mountain.  He came down the mountain in chapter 8 and healed a leper.  Then He healed a Centurion’s servant.  Then He went into Peter’s house and healed Peter’s mother-in-law.  That evening He healed many who were oppressed by demons.  Then He calmed a raging storm while He crossed the Sea of Galilee.  When He got to the other side of the Sea of Galilee, He healed 2 men with demons.  He left there immediately because He was asked too, so He went back to Capernaum and then He healed a paralytic man.  After that He calls Matthew to be His disciple, and the story keeps going.  Do you see what I mean?  Jesus was hospitable to everyone.  He had compassion to keep going on and healing the sick while spreading His story of redemption.  Look at how many people joined around Jesus because of His “Velcro.”
Conclusion


Hospitality is an action of love shown to those we love and those we do not love.  It is contagious and warms the hearts of those it touches.  I encourage you to be as hospitable as possible while you are still here on earth.  God calls us to it and He deserves our all.  God bless you as you continue to live a life worthy of the calling.


Hospitality – Atithi Devo Bhava – “The Guest is God”

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back Krishna sets the example of how to receive a respectable guest. Here, in a story from the Bhagavata-Purana, he washes the feet of an impoverished brahmana.
 Offering food is an important and endearing aspect of hospitality in Hindu culture.
Offering hospitality is fundamental to Hindu culture and providing food and shelter to a needy stranger was a traditional duty of the householder. The unexpected guest is called the atithi, literally meaning "without a set time." Scripture enjoins that the atithi be treated as God. It was especially important to extend hospitality towards brahmanas, sannyasis and other holy people. There are many stories regarding the benefits of offering a suitable reception and the sins that accrue from neglecting one's guests. Tradition teaches that, no matter how poor one is, one should always offer three items: sweet words, a sitting place, and refreshments (at least a glass of water). The flower garland is offered to special guests and dignitaries, as a symbol of loving exchange.
Scripture also enjoins that one should treat visiting enemies so well that they will forget their animosity. A graphic example is that of the warrior class who would fight during the day and in the evening socialise with adversaries.Westerners visiting India (and other places in the East) are often astonished by the welcoming attitude towards guests and visiting strangers, strikingly different from the Western "beware of the dog" culture.

Tuesday, July 10, 2012



Buddhism by Numbers: 6 Kinds of Reverence
As a Buddhist, there are six kinds of reverence (garavata) that one should endeavor to develop. These forms of deep respect have practical positive results in the context of Buddhist practice as being a more appreciative person gives rise to positive mind states. Normally, the mind can react to the various phenomena that we encounter in both wholesome and unwholesome ways. This includes such important aspects of Buddhist tradition as the Triple Gem - the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. Having negative views towards the Awakened One (Buddha), for example, creates negative thoughts and attitudes that arise out of human arrogance and opinions. Being reverent towards the Buddha, on the other hand, helps to create a freer, happier, more loving mind, which is an important tool in Buddhist development. The six kinds of reverence are:
1.Satthu-garavata – reverence for the Master
2.Dhamma-garavata – reverence for the Dharma
3.Sangha-garavata – reverence for the Sangha
4.Sikkha-garavata – reverence for the training
5.Appamada-garavata – reverence for heedfulness
6.Patisanthara-garavata – reverence for hospitality


The Master (Satthu) in Buddhism is the Buddha. He is the Master or Teacher of all Buddhists, as the entire tradition, whether Thai, Japanese, Tibetan or whatever, ultimately derives from the Awakened One’s realization of enlightenment and his subsequent teachings. Being reverent towards the Master is an act of recognition that acknowledges the debt of gratitude that Buddhists should have for the man that discovered the way things are and then shared this knowledge with others. All Buddhists should know this: Without him, no us.
Reverence for the Dharma, the Buddhist teachings, is another form of appreciative awareness that any Buddhist will develop in time. Cultivating this approach to the Buddha Dharma encourages the realization of such knowledge in us all, for when we are more respectful of the Teachings, we’re more likely to put them into practice. And in the end, it’s in putting the Teachings of the Buddha into practice that will truly benefit us.
The third garavata is reverence for the orders of Buddhist monks and nuns, or Sangha. Although the order of nuns died out in Theravada Buddhism many centuries ago, we can still be grateful to those enlightened nuns, as well as monks, that have taught the Dharma to both Buddhists and non-Buddhists, assisting us to develop wisdom and compassion in our own hearts and minds. Moreover, if we accept the reestablishment of the nun's order as is happening in the world right now, we have the chance to pay respect to these modern female renunciants. The community of enlightened people (Ariya-sangha), ordained or not, is also an example to us, and is a source of great inspiration that shows that ordinary human beings realize the Buddhist Path and its fruits, not only spiritual supermen and superwomen.
The training (sikkha) comprises the rules and guidelines that Buddhists use to further practice. For monks, there are a total of 227 rules that they should (in theory) adhere to. Laypeople have it somewhat easier, with only five basic precepts to keep to, unless they choose to follow eight or even ten precepts of a semi-ascetic. I use the five precepts as a foundation for my practice. In training this person here to behave in ways that are conducive not only to personal development but also to the benefit of society, mindfulness and meditation have a more stable base from which to grow wisdom and compassion.
Reverence towards appamada, heedfulness, is a crucial element in Buddhist practice, as well. In the Dhammapada, probably the most famous piece of Buddhist scripture worldwide, it is said that, “Heedfulness is the path to the Deathless, heedlessness is the path to death.” (Dhammapada, verse 21) The Deathless is the ultimate goal of Buddhist practice, also known as nirvana. It is a freedom from all greed, hatred, and delusion, where life is seen as it is, without the interference of the ego that normally distorts our understanding of life. Being heedful of the Buddhist teachings and their application to our lives is so important for Buddhists. Otherwise, we can get caught up in all kinds of worldly and unwholesome activities, losing sight of the Path.
Being reverent of hospitality (patisanthara) is the sixth form of reverence that Buddhists are encouraged to cultivate. We can be hospitable to bhikkhus & bhikkhunis, of course, inviting monks & nuns to eat at our home, paying respect to them by giving them a good meal. Being a good host to everyone that comes our way is a fuller way to leave out this particular kind of reverent behavior. Seeing everyone as my guest, to whom I should be a generous host and make them feel comfortable and happy. Sharing the teachings with others is also an important way to be hospitable. Being reverent towards the hospitable acts of others towards ourselves is a positive state of mind as well, for in recognizing the welcoming actions of other people, we make ourselves better people.

The Messenger of Allah (s) further guides us by saying:

“Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should be hospitable with his or her guests.”1

Our great Prophet (s) teaches us to be generous and how to entertain guests. He wants a Muslim to show gratitude and be kind and happy when receiving guests. One should respect and welcome his guests, in particular when they are strangers, or have no family or friends in that country.
It may even happen that a guest comes while relatives or friends are being entertained, or other travelers are staying and there is lack of space; or you are unprepared and have few provisions or are even short of money. In any eventuality, guests who come to your home should be made welcome, shown respect and be provided with whatever food and drink are available. One should sit with them in order to make them feel comfortable and happy, and take care to pay great attention to them.
Surely, our glorious Prophet (s) guides us towards respecting guests and being generous towards them. In this respect, he says: “Indeed whoever believes that Allah is All-Generous, Who provides for His creation and rewards those who are hospitable towards their guests, should look after his guest.”
Surely, Allah will increase our provision if we welcome our guests and give them food and drink, and will reward us on the Resurrection Day.
Allah is All-Generous, who loves the generous ones and dislikes those who are mean.




Mormon Teaching: Hospitality
Hospitality
See also Kindness ; Neighbor
wash your feet, and rest yourselves: Gen. 18:4 .
entered into his house; and he made them a feast: Gen. 19:3 .
He that receiveth you receiveth me: Matt. 10:40 .
I was a stranger, and ye took me in: Matt. 25:35 .
came down, and received him joyfully: Luke 19:6 .
barbarous people shewed us no little kindness: Acts 28:2 .
to the necessity of saints; given to hospitality: Rom. 12:13 .
bishop then must be … given to hospitality: 1 Tim. 3:2 .
he oft refreshed me: 2 Tim. 1:16 .
lover of hospitality, a lover of good men: Titus 1:8 .
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers: Heb. 13:2 .
Use hospitality one to another without grudging: 1 Pet. 4:9 .
man received him into his house: Alma 8:21 .
thou shalt receive him into thy house and feed him: Alma 10:7 .



Xenia (Greek)
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This article is about the ancient Greek concept of hospitality. For other uses, see Xenia (disambiguation).
"Theoxenia" redirects here. The moth genus Theoxenia is considered a junior synonym of Ethmia.
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Jupiter and Mercurius in the House of Philemon and Baucis (1630–33) by the workshop of Rubens: Zeus and Hermes, testing a village's practice of hospitality, were received only by Baucis and Philemon, who were rewarded while their neighbors were punished.
Xenia (Greek: ξενία, xenía, trans. "guest-friendship") is the ancient Greek concept of hospitality, the generosity and courtesy shown to those who are far from home and/or associates of the person bestowing guest-friendship. The rituals of hospitality created and expressed a reciprocal relationship between guest and host expressed in both material benefits (such as the giving of gifts to each party) as well as non-material ones (such as protection, shelter, favors, or certain normative rights).
The Greek god Zeus is sometimes called Zeus Xenios in his role as a protector of guests. He thus embodied the religious obligation to be hospitable to travelers. Theoxeny or theoxenia is a theme in Greek mythology in which human beings demonstrate their virtue or piety by extending hospitality to a humble stranger (xenos), who turns out to be a disguised deity (theos) with the capacity to bestow rewards. These stories caution mortals that any guest should be treated as if potentially a disguised divinity and help establish the idea of xenia as a fundamental Greek custom.[1] The term theoxenia also covered entertaining among the gods themselves, a popular subject in classical art, which was revived at the Renaissance in works depicting a Feast of the Gods.


Contents  [hide]
1 Overview
2 In the Iliad
3 In the Odyssey
4 In the Argonautika
5 Political alliances
6 See also
7 References
8 External links

Overview[edit]
Xenia consists of two basic rules:
1.The respect from host to guest. The host must be hospitable to the guest and provide him/her with food, drink, bath and gifts when they leave. It is not polite to ask questions until the guest has finished the meal provided to them.
2.The respect from guest to host. The guest must be courteous to the host and not be a burden. The guest should also provide a gift if they have one.[2]

Xenia was considered to be particularly important in ancient times when people thought gods mingled among them. If one had poorly played host to a stranger, there was the risk of incurring the wrath of a god disguised as the stranger. It is thought that the Greek practice of theoxenia may have been the antecedent of the Roman rite of Lectisternium, or the draping of couches.
While this particular origin of the practices of guest-friendship are centralized around the divine, however, it would become common practice among the Greeks to incorporate xenia into their customs and manners for very much all of ancient Greek history. Indeed, while originating from mythical traditions, xenia would very much become a standard practice throughout much (if not, all) of Greece as customarily proper in the affair of men interacting with men as well as men interacting with the Gods.
In the Iliad[edit]
The Trojan war described in the Iliad of Homer actually resulted from a violation of xenia. Paris, from the house of Priam of Troy, was a guest of Menelaus, king of Mycenaean Sparta, but seriously transgressed the bounds of xenia by abducting his host's wife, Helen. Therefore, the Achaeans were required by duty to Zeus to avenge this transgression, which, as a violation of xenia, was an insult to Zeus' authority.
Diomedes and Glaucus meet in No man's land. However, Diomedes does not want to fight another man descendant from the Gods, so he asks Glaucus about his lineage. Upon revealing his lineage, Diomedes realizes they are guest-friends. Meaning that their fathers had practiced xenia with each other. They decide not to fight, but to instead trade armor to continue their guest-friendship.[3]
Another example of xenia in the Iliad is Hektor talking to Aias. They are talking about exchanging presents so that people will remember them for dropping their hatred and becoming friends.[4] While this is not a traditional example of xenia, it does demonstrate the power of friendship in the Greek culture.
In Book 9, Achilleus invites Odysseus into his home and asks Patroklos to make the strongest wine for them to drink. Patroklos also brings meat with the wine. The men eat and have light chatter before Odysseus delivers Agamemnon's offer to Achilleus.[5]
In Book 18, Hephaistos hosts Thetis in his home. Xenia is important between humans and also between gods. Hephaistos is worried about making Thetis feel at home in his home so he lays out entertainment and puts away his tools.[6]
In the Odyssey[edit]
Xenia is an important theme in Homer's The Odyssey. Every household in the epic is seen alongside xenia. Odysseus' house is inhabited by suitors with demands beyond the bounds of xenia. Menelaus and Nestor's houses are seen when Telemachus visits. There are many other households observed in the epic, including those of Circe, Calypso, and the Phaeacians. The Phaeacians, and in particular Nausicaä, were famed for their immaculate application of xenia, as the princess and her maids offered to bathe Odysseus and then led him to the palace to be fed and entertained. After sharing his story with the Phaeacians they agree to take Odysseus to his home land. In a new rule, he states that you should not beat your host in a competition because it would be rude and could damage the relationship.[7]
Because Odysseus was indirectly responsible for Poseidon's sinking one of their ships, the Phaeacians resolved to be less trusting of subsequent travelers. However, Polyphemus showed lack of xenia, despite Odysseus' reminders, and refused to honor the travelers' requests, instead eating some of Odysseus' men. The suitor Ctesippus mocks xenia by hurling a hoof, disguised as a "gift", at Odysseus. When he is speared by Philoetius, the cowherd claims this avenges his disrespect.
Book 1 has Telemachus show xenia to the disguised Athena. He welcomes her into his home and offers her food. He even moves her chair away from the suitors who are rude. Eumaeus the Swineherd shows xenia to the disguised Odysseus, claiming guests come under the protection of Zeus. When one of the suitors Ctesippus mocks the disguised Odysseus and hurls an ox's hoof at him as a "gift", mocking xenia, though Odysseus dodges this, Telemachus says if he had hit the guest, he would have run Ctesippus through with his spear.[8] The other suitors are worried, saying Ctesippus is "doomed" if the stranger is a disguised god. As well as this, whenever Homer describes the details of "xenia", he uses the same formula every time: for example, the maid pouring wine into the gold cups, etc.
An example of bad xenia occurs when Homer describes the suitors. They continue to eat Penelope and Telemachus out of house and home. They are rude to not only each other but to Telemachus and the guests, such as disguised Athena and Odysseus.
In the Odyssey, Calypso, a fair goddess, had wanted to keep Odysseus in her cavern as her husband, but he refused. Circe had also failed to keep Odysseus in her halls as her mate. Although both of these women had fine homes and fine things to offer him, their hospitality was too much for Odysseus. He instead left each with the goal of returning to Ithaca and reclaiming his family and his home. Sometimes Hospitality was unwanted[9] or was given unwillingly.
In the Argonautika[edit]
While the Argonautika takes place before the Iliad and the Odyssey, it was written by an Alexandrian librarian, Apollonius of Rhodes. Since the story takes place during Greek times, the theme of xenia is shown throughout the story. For example, in Book 2, the King of Bebrykians, Amykos, makes the Argonauts fight to be able to leave. Polydeukes volunteers himself to participate in the boxing match.[10] This is a clear violation of xenia, and the Argonauts become worried when they reach their next destination later on in Book 2, when the Argonauts are on an island after a storm caused by Zeus. The Argonauts call out, asking for the strangers to be kind to them and treat them fairly. They realize that Jason and the men on the island are related by Jason's father's side of the family.The men provide clothing, sacrifice with them, and share a meal before the Arrgonauts leave the island in the morning.[11]
Another example is when Jason talks about going to Aietes' palace. He says that they will receive a warm welcome and surely he will follow the rules of xenia.[12]
The final example of xenia in the Argonautika is the first time the Argonauts reach Aietes' palace. It is also the first time Medeia is depicted in love with Jason due to Eros. Aietes has a feast prepared, and the Argos are served after their meal Aietes begins to ask questions about the Argonauts purpose and voyage to his kingdom.[13]
Political alliances[edit]
Historian Gabriel Herman lays out the use of xenia in political alliances in the Near East.
Solemn pronouncements were often used to establish a ritualised personal relationship, such as when "Xerxes, having been offered lavish hospitality and most valuable gifts by Pythios the Lydian, declared "...in return for this I give you these privileges (gera): I make you my Xenos. ...the same set of words could be applied in non-face-to-face situations, when a ruler wished to contract an alliance through the intermediary of messengers."[14] Herman points out that this is correspondent to pacts made by African tribal societies studied by Harry Tegnaeus (in his 1952 ethno-sociological book Blood Brothers) where "the partners proclaim themselves in the course of the blood ceremony each other's 'brothers', 'foster-brothers', 'cousins'. The surviving treaties of 'fraternity' 'paternity' and 'love and friendship' between the petty rules of the ancient Near East in the second half of the second millennium B.C. incorporate what are probably written versions of such declarations."[14] (Herman also sees an echo of this in the medieval ceremony of homage, in the exchange between a would-be-vassal and the lord.)[14]
Herman goes on to point out "No less important an element in forging the alliance was the exchange of highly specialized category of gifts, designated in our sources as xénia (as distinct from xenía, the term of the relationship itself) or dora. It was as important to give such gifts as to receive, and refusal to reciprocate as tantamount to a declaration of hostility. Mutual acceptance of the gifts, on the other hand, was a clear mark of the beginning of friendship."[14] Herman points to the account of Odysseys giving Iphitos a sword and spear after having been given a formidable bow while saying they were "the first toke of loving guest-friendship".[14] Herman also shows that Herodotus holds "the conclusion of an alliance and the exchange of gifts appeared as two inseparable acts: Polykrates, having seized the government in Samos, "concluded a pact of xenia with Amasis king of Egypt, sending and receiving from him gifts (dora)".[14] Within the ritual it was important that the return gift be offered immediately after receiving a gift with each commensurate rather than attempting to surpass each other in value. The initial gifts in such an exchange would fall somewhere between being symbolic but useless, and of high use-value but without any special symbolic significance.[14] The initial gifts would serve as both object and symbol. Herman points out that these good were not viewed as trade or barter, "for the exchange was not an end in itself, but a means to another end." While trade ends with the exchange, the ritual exchange "was meant to symbolize the establishment of obligations which, ideally, would last for ever."[14]
See also[edit]
Hospitium
Xenos (Greek)
References[edit]
1.Jump up ^ Bruce Louden, Homer's Odyssey and the Near East (Cambridge University Press, 2011), pp. 31–32; John B. Weaver, Plots of Epiphany: Prison-Escape in Acts of the Apostles (Walter de Gruyter, 2004), p. 34.
2.Jump up ^ "The Odyssey: Be our guest with Xenia - Classical Wisdom Weekly". Classical Wisdom Weekly. Retrieved 2016-04-26.
3.Jump up ^ Homer. The Iliad. Translated by Robert Fagles. New York: Penguin, 1990. Book VI, Lines 137 - 282
4.Jump up ^ Lattimore, Richmond (2011). The Iliad of Homer. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. pp. Book 7; lines 299–302. ISBN 9780226470498.
5.Jump up ^ Lattimore, Richmond (2011). The Iliad of Homer. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. pp. Book 9; lines 197–265. ISBN 9780226470498.
6.Jump up ^ Lattimore, Richmond (2011). The Iliad of Homer. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. pp. Book 18; lines 406–409. ISBN 9780226470498.
7.Jump up ^ Lattimore, Richmond (2011). The Iliad of Homer. Chicago, Illinois: The University of Chicago Press. pp. Book 8 lines 204–211.
8.Jump up ^ Homer, Odyssey, 20.287-319
9.Jump up ^ "The Value of Hospitality". Union College. 2005. Retrieved 12 July 2014.
10.Jump up ^ Rhodios, Apollonios (2007). The Argonautika. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. Book 2; lines 55–98. ISBN 9780520253933.
11.Jump up ^ Rhodios, Apollonios (2007). The Argonautika. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. Book 2; lines 1122–1230. ISBN 9780520253933.
12.Jump up ^ Rhodios, Apollonios (2007). The Argonautika. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. Book 2; lines 1195–1200. ISBN 9780520253933.
13.Jump up ^ Rhodios, Apollonios (2007). The Argonautika. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. pp. Book 3; lines 275–330. ISBN 9780520253933.
14.^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Gabriel Herman (1987). Ritualised Friendship and the Greek City. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Some of this material comes from lectures by Dr. Elizabeth Vandiver, recorded and distributed by The Teaching Company.
Vandiver, Elizabeth, Ph.D. (Lecturer). (1999). The Iliad of Homer. [Audio CD]Vandiver, Elizabeth, Ph.D. (Lecturer). (1999). The Odyssey of Homer. [Audio CD]Vandiver, Elizabeth, Ph.D. (Lecturer). (2000). Greek Tragedy Part I. [Audio CD]
External links[edit]
Xenia A comic-strip explanation of the formula of Xenia or hospitality in Greek Epic by Greek Myth Comix
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XfeeUuYNGl0
Understanding the original laws of Hospitality and the Wrath


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5_HxvDKEsM  Let's market ugliness in the name of free money from Uncle Sam

Henry Ward
consultant@tourismeconomy.com  www.mississippigulfcoastmap.com,